Adjusting temperature to control flowering is called forcing and gardeners use this process to promote flower development. The process of forcing bulbs allows gardeners to have flowers that normal bloom in spring, actual bloom in the middle of winter.
What types of bulbs may be forced?
The most common types of bulbs chosen for this purpose are tulips, crocuses, daffodils and hyacinths. Other hardy bulbs that can be forced include the Dutch iris and the grape hyacinth and narcissus.
When should bulbs be planted?
If plants are needed for Christmas they must be planted in the beginning of October. Plants planted in the middle of October will be ready around February and for March and April flowers plant the bulbs in November.
What size pots?
When forcing bulbs it is best to use clean pots and a well-drained soil mix. How big of pots used depends on the type and number of bulbs. One large bulb, such as a daffodil or tulip can be planted in a 4- to 5-inch pot, as can 3 small crocuses. Larger pots are needed for more bulbs.
Forcing hardy bulbs
Choosing the best bulbs is crucial to your success in forcing. Many bulbs are clearly marked “good for forcing”, if not choose the largest bulbs available. If you are not planting them immediately, store the bulbs in opened bags or boxed in a cool place between 35 degrees and 55 degrees Fahrenheit.
When you are ready fill each pot loosely with soil mix. Place the bulbs in the pot so that their tops are even with the rim. If you are planting tulips, hyacinths, or smaller bulbs, cover the tops with an inch of soil. If you are forcing daffodils do not cover the necks and tops of the bulbs. Do not compress the soil; it should remain loose.
Water the bulbs to moisten the soil immediately after planting. If the producer has not precooled the bulbs they will need to be placed in a cool, frost-free place such as an unheated basement or garage to force them. Remember to keep the soil most while the plants are forming roots.
During the forcing stage bulbs are brought out of the cool place into the warmth and light. This should trigger the formation of leaves and flowers in 3 to 4 weeks. This period may begin as soon as sprouts begin to push through the soil. Bringing in pots at different times will provide blooms over a longer period. Keep the soil moist and enjoy your blooms!
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